Habenaria diphylla (Nimmo) Dalzell (Orchidaceae), new record for the flora of Vietnam

Habenaria diphylla (Nimmo) Dalzell is reported for the first time as a new discovery for the flora of Vietnam based on the specimens collected in Binh Chau-Phuoc Buu Nature Reserve, Ba Ria-Vung Tau Province. The present study provided the detailed characteristics of the species including detailed photographs of the morphological characteristics, the cross section of the leaf, inflorescence axis and root. Furthermore, the information about the species, including distribution, habitat, ecology and conservation status were also provided

Chemical composition and antibacterial activities of the ethanol extracts from the leaves and tubers of Amorphophallus pusillus

Amorphophallus pusillus is a rare species which is found only in Binh Chau-Phuoc Buu Nature Reserve. In this study, we determined 7 flavonoid compounds in tuber and leaf of A. pusillus, including of vitexin, orientin, vitexin 2?-O-glucoside, cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside, pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside, schaftoside, and peonidin 3-O-rutinoside via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Furthermore, we have proved the antibacterial activities of ethanol extracts obtained from A. pusillus leaves and tubers in the first time. The data revealed that ethanol extracts could inhibit the growth of 6 tested microorganisms, such as Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium, and Staphylococcus aureus. These data suggested the potential application of ethanol extracts isolated from this species as natural antimicrobial agents for treatment of infection caused by bacteria, especially in dermatologic and enteric infections

上海嘉定区35岁以上首诊测压工作的回顾与展望

Objective: To understand the policy development of blood pressure test blood pressure test among residents above 35 years old at first visit in Jiading district in Shanghai in order to provide a better reference for the development of the blood pressure test. Methods: Retrospect is from the following three aspects: the policy advancement of the blood pressure measurement, the progress of the work and the next step of the development of blood pressure test to first diagnosis above 35 years old. Results: The total of policy documents related to prevention and treatment of chronic disease, published by national, Shanghai municipal and Jiading District government department are 185. There are 22 policy documents aspects of the prevention and control of hypertension among these documents, and 11 involving measurement of blood pressure test in the first diagnosis patients above 35 years old, 5.95% proportion of above total policy documents. These policy documents involving blood pressure test are technical solutions. There are 3 policy documents (1 Shanghai municipal, 2 Jiading District) involving measurement of blood pressure test published in 1999 and before; and 4 policy documents (2 national, 2 Shanghai municipal) during 2000-2008; and 4 policy documents (4 national) published after 2009. At present, the work runs well in Jiading district, and the work runs better in the community health service center than the comprehensive hospital. Conclusions: More and more documents were released from the national department, provincial department and local health department so that solid policy guarantees the work of blood pressure test for residents above 35 years old at first visit in Jiading district in Shanghai. The development and use of information software provides a powerful tool for the pressure measurement. Along with the perfect of supporting measures, the work of blood pressure test to first diagnosis above 35 years old will be further developed and improved.目的  了解上海嘉定区35岁以上首诊测压工作的发展历程，为更好地推进首诊测压工作提供参考。方法  按照政策出台时间、类别和内容，围绕国家、上海市和嘉定区三份层面，从测压政策的演变、测压工作的进展和下一步的发展三份方面对上海嘉定区35岁以上首诊测压工作的进展和走向进行了回顾与展望。结果  国家、上海市、嘉定区出台的相关慢性病政策文件共185份，其中高血压防控方面的有22份，涉及到首诊测压政策方面的有11份，占慢病政策的5.95%。在出台的首诊测压政策文件中，均为技术性的文件。1999年及以前的政策有3份（其中上海市1份、嘉定区2份）；2000～2008年期间的政策共有4份（其中国家2份、上海市2份）；2009年及以后的政策有4份（均为国家的）。目前全区的测压工作进展良好，社区卫生服务中心的测压工作相对比二级医院的发展得好。结论  国家、省市和县区级卫生部门的政策性文件的陆续出台，为35岁以上首诊测压工作提供坚实的政策性保障，信息软件的开发与使用为测压工作提供了有力的手段。 随着测压工作的各项配套措施推进，35岁以上首诊测压工作会进一步得到发展与提高

Antibacterial activities of ethanolic extract of four species of Rutaceae family

In this study, the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract from the leaves of four Rutaceae species, including Acronychia pedunculata, Clausena excavata, Glycosmis pentaphylla and Luvunga scandens, were performed using the agar disk diffusion method for the first time. The ethanolic extracts from the leaves of A. pedunculata and G. pentaphylla were able to resist against all six bacterial strains with zones of inhibition for Bacillus cereus (17.3±2.1 mm, 20.8±1.0 mm) Staphylococcus aureus (8.5±0.5 mm, 17.6±0.3 mm) Escherichia coli (16.7±2.1 mm, 15.3±1.2 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11.7±0.6 mm, 14.0±1.7 mm), Salmonella enteritidis (22.3±0.6 mm, 24.6±0.5 mm) and Salmonella typhimurium (9.5±0.9 mm, 8.3±0.6 mm). On the other hand, the ethanolic extract of C. excavata leaf was resistant to B. cereus (12.3±0.6 mm), S. aureus (11.6±0.5 mm), E. coli (11.5±2.1 mm), P. aeruginosa (10.6±0.3 mm) while B. cereus (8.2±0.3 mm), S. aureus (9.3±0.6 mm), E. coli (8.5±0.5 mm) and S. typhimurium (8.3±0.6 mm) were inhibited by the ethanolic extract of L. scandens leaf. This study could provide necessary information for further application of these species in medicine

Chemical diversity of essential oils of rhizomes of six species of Zingiberaceae family

In this study, the essential oils from the rhizomes of six species belonging to the Zingiberaceae family, including Zingiber zerumbet, Curcuma pierreana, Globba macrocarpa, Alpinia conchigera, Stahlianthus campanulatus and Amomum sp., collected in Binh Chau-Phuoc Buu Nature Reserve were isolated using hydrodistillation, and their constituents were identified via Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. A total of 91 constituents have been identified from essential oils. These compounds were classified into 4 clusters by Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) analysis. The principal constituents of the essential oils isolated from four species, C. pierreana, S. campanulatus, A. conchigera, and Z. zerumbet contained camphene (18.82%), α-copaene (11.75%), p-xylene (21.86%), and α-santalene (17.91%), which were significantly different from those in previous reports. Furthermore, this study revealed the chemical constituents of essential oils of G. macrocarpa and Amomum sp. for the first time. Accordingly, artemisia triene (22.21%), β-pinene (13.57%), 4,6,8-trimethylazulene (11.1%), 2-tert-butylquinoline (9.86%), β-patchoulene (7.06%), α-elemene (6.93%), and β-ocimene (6.0%) were the major compounds in essential oils of G. macrocarpa rhizomes whereas the oil of Amomum sp. was found to be rich in 2-carene (21.82%), fenchyl acetate (14.26%), 3-carene (8.28%), bornyl acetate (7.7%), and D-limonene (7.13%)

Physiochemical properties, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Terminalia catappa seed oils from two extracting processes

Terminalia catappa is a widespread medium tree species in many tropical countries. While the majority of the studies up to date focuses on the aerial part of the plant such as leaf, stem bark and fruit, information about the phytochemical property as well as the biological property of the edible seed is still scarce. This study was the first to explore the fatty acid composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the seed oil from T. catappa grown in Vietnam. The results showed that both the hot-pressed and cold-pressed oils contained a high level of unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic (~32%) and linoleic acids (28.38%-29.2%), as well as saturated fatty acids such as palmitic acid (~33.3%-33.61%). The presence of eicosadienoic acid in T. catappa seed oils was reported in this study for the first time. These oils displayed antibacterial activity against 5 out of 12 tested strains such as Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The antioxidant activity of the oils was also recorded by DPPH radical scavenging assays with IC50 values of 950 µg/ml and 2529 µg/ml for cold-pressed oil and hot-pressed oil respectively. This study has provided promising extracting methods and resulted in oils that could be good candidates for developing food sources with valuable fatty acids, antioxidant and antibacterial capacities against both Gram-positive and negative bacteria in the human diet

Chemical profiles and antibacterial activity of acetone extract of two Curcuma species from Vietnam

Curcuma thorelii Gagnep. and Curcuma cotuana Luu, Škorni?k. & H.?.Tr?n are the rare species only found in Southeast Asia. The present study was the first to explore the chemical compositions and antibacterial effects of the whole plant acetone extracts of these 2 species. Altogether 41 and 31 compounds have been identified in C. thorelii and C. cotuana extracts by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Accordingly, the C. thorelii extract contained (E)-labda-8(17),12-diene-15,16-dial (33.37%), vitamin E (12.33%), phytol (9.83%) as the major compounds while C. cotuana extract contained predominantly (E)-labda-8(17),12-diene-15,16-dial (14.58%), n-hexadecanoic acid (10.96%), 3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-yl acetate (8.13%), ?-sitosterol (7.97%). In addition, results from disc diffusion assay have shown that C. thorelii acetone extract had inhibitory effects on 5 out of 10 pathogenic bacterial strains such as Bacillus cereus (ATCC 11778), Listeria monocytogenes (ATCC 19111), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), S. aureus (ATCC 29213) and S. saprophyticus (BAA750) while C. cotuana acetone extract was found to be effective only against B. cereus. The obtained results showed that the acetone extracts of C. thorelii and C. cotuana possessed several valuable bioactive compounds as well as promising antibacterial activity, which place a good foundation for future pharmaceutical product development

NEW RECORDS OF DOPASIA GRACILIS (SQUAMATA: ANGUIDAE) IN BACH MA NATIONAL PARK, THUA THIEN-HUE PROVINCE

This article describes the morphological characteristics of Dopasia gracilis (Gray, 1845) from Bach Ma National Park, Thua Thien-Hue province. The number of specimens in Bach Ma is bigger compared to description of Smith in 1935, and also Nguyen et al. in 2011. In Vietnam, D. gracilis has been reported from the following provinces: Cao Bang, Yen Bai, Ha Giang, Quang Binh, Quang Ngai and Gia Lai. So, in Bach Ma National Park it is the first record of this species distribution.NOI ÎNREGISTRĂRI ALE DOPASIA GRACILIS (SQUAMATA: ANGUIDAE) ÎN PARCUL NAȚIONAL BACH MA, PROVINCIA THUA THIEN-HUEÎn articol sunt descrise caracteristicile morfologice ale speciei Dopasia gracilis (Gray, 1845) din Parcul Național Bach Ma, provincia Thua Thien-Hue. Numărul specimenelor din Bach Ma este cu mult mai mare în comparație cu descrierea elaborată de Smith în 1935 şi de Nguyen et al. în 2011. În Vietnam, D. gracilis a fost raportat în următoarele provincii: Cao Bang, Yen Bai, Ha Giang, Quang Binh, Quang Ngai și Gia Lai. Deci, în Parcul Naţional Bach Ma distribuția acestei specii este înregistrată pentru prima dată.</p